Публикации
THE VISIBLE/INVISIBLE WORLD DICHOTOMY ACCORDING TO THE BULGARIAN FOLKLORIST AND ETHNOGRAPHER DIMITAR MARINOV // ДИХОТОМИЯТА ВИДИМ/НЕВИДИМ СВЯТ СПОРЕД БЪЛГАРСКИЯФОЛКЛОРИСТ И ЕТНОГРАФ ДИМИТЪР МАРИНОВ
Velev, V., Debruyne, N. (2024). THE VISIBLE/INVISIBLE WORLD DICHOTOMY ACCORDING TO THE BULGARIAN FOLKLORIST AND ETHNOGRAPHER DIMITAR MARINOV. KNOWLEDGE – International Journal , 63(5), 613–619. Retrieved from https://ikm.mk/ojs/index.php/kij/article/view/6745
Abstract: Fundamental for the knowledge of Bulgarian folk culture are the works of the famous scholar and public figure Dimitar Marinov. From 1875 he began extensive collecting activities of folklore and ethnographic materials in Northwestern Bulgaria (Vidin, Lom): he recorded folk beliefs, rites, rituals, typical practices of Bulgarian common law. At the end of the 19th century Marinov promulgated the collected materials in a series of five books Living Oldness, a kind of encyclopaedia of the thinking, sensuality and cultural communication code of the Bulgarians over the centuries. For the purposes of this paper, the emphasis will be placed on one of the books, People’s Faith, because Dimitar Marinov presents Bulgarian folk cosmogony through the dichotomy between the visible and the invisible world. In People’s Faith the visible world, according to Dimitar Marinov’s interpretation, can be presented as distant and close. The distant visible world includes celestial bodies and aerial phenomena, while the near visible world includes earth, water and fire, as well as flora and fauna, material culture and the human concept. In turn, the invisible world includes the understandings of its order (God, angels, devil, etc.), diseases are included here, but also supernatural beings. The continuity between the visible and the invisible world, the notions of dynamics and development typify the nature of mythological images, with an emphasis on their material being. Of interest is the metamorphic state of circumstances and supernatural characters pointed out by Dimitar Marinov-many of the beings from the invisible world have their existence in the visible world. A striking example are the samadivas and samovils, witches and vampirites, dragons and dragonesses.
Keywords: visible world, invisible world, Dimitar Marinov, supernatural beings, Bulgarian folk cultureД
Резюме: Основополагащи за знанието за българската народна култура са трудовете на известния книжовник и общественик Димитър Маринов. От 1875 г. той започва мащабна събирателска дейност в Северозападна България (Видин, Лом) на фолклорни и етнографски материали: записва народни поверия, обреди, ритуали, характерни практики на българското обичайно право. В края на 19 век Маринов обнародва събраните материали в поредицата от пет книги-„Жива старина“, своеобразна енциклопедия за мисленето, чувствеността и културния комуникационен код на българина през вековете. За целите на настоящата работа акцентът ще бъде поставен върху една от книгите -„Народна вяра“, защото в нея Димитър Маринов представя българската народна космогония посредством дихотомията между видимия и невидимия свят. В „Народна вяра“ видимият свят, според трактовката на Димитър Маринов, може да бъде представен като далечен и близък. Към далечния видим свят спадат небесните тела и въздушните явления, докато близкият видим свят включва земята, водата и огъня, както флората и фауната, веществената култура и понятието за човека. На свой ред , невидимият свят включва разбиранията за неговата подредба (Бог, ангели, дявол и др.), тук се включват болестите, но и свръхестествени същества. Континуитетът между видимия и невидимия свят, представите за динамика и развитие типологизират природата на митологичните образи, с подчертаване на тяхното веществено битие. Интерес представлява посоченото от Димитър Маринов метаморфозно състояние на обстоятелствата и свръхестествените персонажи-голяма част от съществата от невидимия свят имат свое битие и във видимия свят. Ярък пример са самодивите и самовилите, вещиците и вампиритe, змейовете и змеицинте.
Ключови думи: видим свят, невидим свят, Димитър Маринов, свърестествени същества, българска народна култура
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SUPERNATURAL FORCES AND MITHOLOGICAL ELEMENT IN BULGARIAN AND ITALIAN MITHOLOGICAL IDEAS: COMPARISON AND ANALOGIES OF SELECTED IMAGES
Velev. V. (2024) Supernatural forces and mythological element in Bulgarian and Italian mythological ideas: comparison and analogies of selected images – In. Modern dimensions in the European educational and research area. Vol. 12 – Proceedings with Papers of the Eighteenth International Traveling Seminar of ULSIT “Modern Dimensions in the European Educational and Research Area. Bulgarian-Sicilian Cultural Communication” – 2nd – 7th June 2024. University of Messina – Sicily, Italy. Academic Publisher “Za bukvite – O pismeneh”. Sofia, 2024, pp. 108-115. ISSN 2367-7988
Abstract: The mythological conceptions of different cultures, apart from their specificities, often have their similarities, which are sometimes even more than the differences. Mythology is rich in supernatural beings that reflect the beliefs and cultural characteristics of a people. In this context, Bulgarian and Italian mythology offer interesting analogies and similarities in their supernatural entities that intertwine with the customs, beliefs, and folklore of their societies. A first glance reveals that Bulgarian and Italian mythologies have rich traditions of supernatural forces and mythological elements that have shaped their cultures and narratives over the centuries. And as noted, although each mythology has its own unique characteristics, there are also similarities and shared motifs between them. In the present material, based on various studies, an attempt will be made for a brief comparison and general analysis of the similarities and differences of some of the most common characters existing in the Bulgarian and Italian folk representations, which are not only preserved, but still alive today.
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